Influence of an adjacent zirconium implant, tube current, and metal artifact reduction algorithm on horizontal root fracture diagnosis in cone beam computed tomography.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the influence of an adjacent zirconium implant, tube current (mA), and a metal artifact reduction algorithm (MARA) on horizontal root fracture (HRF) diagnosis in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). STUDY DESIGN: Nineteen teeth (9 with HRF, 10 without) were individually placed in a human maxilla. Scan volumes were acquired without and with a zirconium implant adjacent to the tooth at settings of 4, 8, and 10 mA, with MARA disabled and enabled, using a 5×5 cm field of view, 0.085-mm voxel size, and 90 kV. Four maxillofacial radiologists individually assessed the scans. Diagnostic metrics were compared by multiway analysis of variance (α=5%). Inter- and intraexaminer agreements for HRF diagnosis were evaluated with the weighted kappa test. RESULTS: Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were significantly lower in the presence of the implant (P≤.005). AUC values were higher in scans obtained with 8 and 10 mA compared with 4 mA (P=0.010), but 10 mA without MARA was better with the implant present. MARA did not significantly influence outcomes (P≥0.240). Inter- and intraexaminer agreements ranged from moderate to almost perfect. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of the zirconium implant impairs HRF detection. Settings of 8 or 10 mA improve HRF detection regardless MARA condition without the implant. With an adjacent implant, 10 mA without MARA is recommended to improve diagnostic performance.

How is the use of digital dental radiology in a developing country? An overview of Brazil / ¿Cómo es el uso de la radiología dental digital en un país en vías de desarrollo? Una visión general de Brasil

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the use of digital dental radiology in Brazil, by focusing on the use of image receptors, imaging exams and digital image enhancement tools, also assessing the methods of professional image transfer. Questionnaires were distributed in person on dental meetings and digitally via messaging (WhatsApp®) and mailings list. The sample of this cross-sectional study consisted of 478 questionnaires. Most participants were woman (n=315, 65.9%), with average age of 33.8±9.2 years. Descriptive and frequency analysis was performed. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used (α=0.05). Most dentists worked at shared dental clinics (34.7%) and use digital image receptors (51.1%), but a representative percentage (48.9%) still exclusively use radiographic films. Photostimulable phosphor plate is the most used digital image receptor. Among extraoral exams, panoramic radiography (PAN) is the most used. Regarding dental specialties, oral radiologists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons mostly use cone-beam computed tomography (p<0.001). Most dentists who use digital systems make use of digital image enhancement tools (87.8%), mainly contrast, zoom, brightness and measurements. The most common method of professional image transfer (professional-professional and professional-patiens) is by email, with few dentists using online app and social media (26%). Therefore, while most Brazilian dentists use digital imaging systems, a significant percentage still exclusively use radiographic films. The most extraoral imaging exams used is PAN. Regarding image enhancement tools, brightness and contrast adjustments, zoom and measurements are the most applied. Finally, dentists generally use email for professional image transfer.

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar uso de la radiología dental digital en Brasil, centrándose en uso de receptores de imagen, exámenes de imágenes y herramientas de mejora de imagen digital, evaluando también los métodos de transferencia de imagen profesional. Cuestionarios se distribuyeron de forma presencial en reuniones odontológicas y de forma digital a través de mensajería (WhatsApp®) y lista de correo. Muestra de este estudio transversal estuvo compuesta por 478 cuestionarios. Mayoría de los participantes eran mujeres (n=315, 65,9%), con edad promedio de 33,8±9,2 años. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y de frecuencias. Se utilizaron las pruebas Chi-cuadrado y exacta de Fisher (α=0,05). La mayoría de los odontólogos trabajaban en clínicas dentales compartidas (34,7%) y utilizan receptores de imágenes digitales (51,1%), pero un porcentaje representativo (48,9%) todavía utiliza exclusivamente películas radiográficas. Placa de fósforo fotoestimulable es el receptor de imagen digital más utilizado. Entre los exámenes extraorales, la radiografía panorámica (PAN) es la más utilizada. En cuanto a las especialidades odontológicas, los radiólogos orales y los cirujanos orales y maxilofaciales utilizan mayoritariamente la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (p<0,001). Mayoría de los odontólogos que utilizan sistemas digitales utilizan herramientas de mejora de imagen digital (87,8%), principalmente contraste, zoom, brillo y medidas. Método más común de transferencia de imágenes profesionales (profesional-profesional y profesional-pacientes) es por correo electrónico, con pocos dentistas que utilizan aplicaciones en línea y redes sociales (26%). Por lo tanto, mientras que la mayoría de dentistas brasileños utilizan sistemas de imágenes digitales, un porcentaje significativo aún utiliza exclusivamente películas radiográficas. Examen de imagen extraoral más utilizado es el PAN. En cuanto a las herramientas de mejora de imagen, los ajustes de brillo y contraste, el zoom y las medidas son las más aplicadas. Finalmente, los dentistas generalmente usan el correo electrónico para la transferencia de imágenes profesionales.

Dry needling the masseter muscle in the treatment of myofascial pain: case reports / Agulhamento a seco no músculo masseter no tratamento da dor miofascial: relato de casos

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o tratamento com agulhamento seco (AS) no músculo masseter dos pacientes diagnosticados com dor miofascial quanto à sintomatologia dolorosa e a abertura bucal (AB). Após cálculo amostral, foram selecionados 10 deles, diagnosticados com dor miofascial com ou sem limitação de abertura pelo Eixo I do RDC/TMD, que foram submetidos a seis sessões de AS uma vez por semana. A sintomatologia dolorosa foi determinada semanalmente através da Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), e foi mensurada a AB sem auxílio e sem dor e a AB máxima sem auxílio antes do início do tratamento, e uma semana após o fim do mesmo. Ambas as médias foram analisadas através do ANOVA. Todos eram do gênero feminino e a média de idade foi de 39,2 anos, com 8 (80%) possuindo diagnóstico de dor miofascial com limitação de abertura bucal e 2 (20%) com dor miofascial somente. A abertura sem auxílio e sem dor antes do tratamento era de 31,9 mm e passou para 36,2 mm, e a abertura máxima sem auxílio de 39,6 mm para 43,1 mm. Em ambas, porém, não foi possível encontrar significância estatística (p > 0,05). Quanto ao valor médio semanal da EVA, este passou de 8,3 antes do tratamento, para 2,3 uma semana após o mesmo, com resultados significativos estatísticamente (p < 0,05). No presente estudo, o AS no músculo masseter apresentou-se uma alternativa terapêutica no tratamento da dor miofascial.(AU)

The aim of this study was to evaluate treatment with dry needling (AS) in the masseter muscle of patients diagnosed with myofascial pain as the pain symptoms and the mouth opening (AB). After sample size calculation, we selected 10 patients referred for treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) diagnosed with MP, with or without limited mouth opening according to Axis I of the RDC/TMD, who underwent six DN sessions, once a week. Pain measurement using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and an evaluation of the extent of mouth opening were done. All participants were female and the average age was 39.2 years, with 8 (80%) having a diagnosis of myofascial pain with limited mouth opening and 2 (20%) with only myofascial pain. Maximum unaided opening without pain before treatment was 31.9 mm and went to 36.2 mm, and the maximum unaided opening went from 39.6 mm to 43.1 mm. In both, however, could not find statistical significance (p> 0.05). Regarding the mean weekly VAS value, this went from 8.3 before treatment to 2.3 a week later, with statistically significant results (p < 0.05). In this study, the AS in the masseter muscle presented is a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of myofascial pain.(AU

Frequency of temporomandibular disorder diagnosis: a study on 102 patients undergoing dental treatment

Introduction: Epidemiological studies show that the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is high, ranging from 9.8 to 74%, it is important that the diagnosis be made as early as possible to avoid future clinical failure. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of TMD in patients attended at the School of Dentistry of Federal University of Juiz de Fora (FO / UFJF), associated with age, gender and clinical group. Material and methods: 102 patients of both sexes were selected during treatment at FO / UFJF in Periodontics I and II, Partial Denture (RPD), Total Denture (TD), Secondary Care Clinic I and II disciplines, aged above 18 years-old. Patients were submitted to axis I of the RDC / TMD. Results: Of the total sample, 53.9% had a diagnosis of TMD. Of these, 67.3% were female and 52.7% were between 41-60 years. The most prevalent diagnosis of TMD was disc displacement with reduction corresponding to 18.6% of the population. RPD and TD clinics were, in this order, those who had more patients with diagnoses of TMD, respectively, 27.3% and 25.5% of the sample with TMD. Conclusion: A considerable proportion of patients had at least one sign or symptom of TMD. The evaluated sample shows how relevant is the evaluation of the masticatory apparatus as a whole, where teeth, muscles and temporomandibular joints, are viewed with the same level functional importance, regardless of which treatment the patient will receive.

Avaliação dos fatores de risco do bruxismo do sono / Evaluation of the risk factors of sleep bruxism

Objetivo: Verificar, em uma amostra de pacientes da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, se determinados fatores de risco descritos pela literatura se associam com a ocorrência do bruxismo do sono. Materiais e Métodos: Foram selecionados 100 pacientes por meio de um formulário construído com base na literatura, 50 deles com bruxismo do sono e outros 50 livres desta parafunção. Após a seleção dos pacientes foi feita a avaliação da exposição a fatores de risco associados ao bruxismo do sono em ambos os grupos: consumo de álcool/cigarro, cafeína, uso de determinados medicamentos (fluoxetina,paroxetina e sertralina), dormir em ambientes com exposição a ruídos e/ou luz, relato de situações de estressee ansiedade. Em seguida, foi avaliada a associação entre a presença dos fatores de risco e a ocorrência ou não do bruxismo do sono, por meio dos valores de OR (odds ratio), correlação de Sperman e Fisher. Resultados: Quando os fatores de risco foram avaliados de forma isolada, não foi verificada associação significativa entre as variáveis estudadas (fatores de risco e bruxismo do sono): bebida alcoólica (p = 0,887), cigarro (p = 0,251),medicamentos (p = 0,967), cafeína (p = 0,179), ruídos (p = 0,952), luz (p = 0, 147), estresse/ansiedade (p =0, 362). Os fatores investigados só se mostraram como risco para o bruxismo do sono quando os pacientes estavam expostos a mais de um deles (OR=5,159) (p = 0,028). Conclusão: De acordo com os resultadosencontrados, destaca-se que o indivíduo pode estar adaptado e resistente frente a determinados fatores que nãoaumentaram o risco e ocorrência do bruxismo do sono, mas a exposição a mais de um dos fatores aumentaconsideravelmente a chance de ocorrência da parafunção avaliada.